Bakin Karfe Overview
Bakin Karfe: Wani nau'i na karfe da aka sani don juriya na lalata da kaddarorin marasa tsatsa, wanda ya ƙunshi akalla 10.5% chromium da iyakar 1.2% carbon.
Bakin karfe abu ne da ake amfani da shi a ko'ina cikin masana'antu daban-daban, wanda ya shahara saboda juriyar lalatarsa da iyawa. Daga cikin nau'o'in nau'ikan nau'ikan bakin karfe, 304, 304H, 304L, da 316 sune suka fi yawa, kamar yadda aka ƙayyade a cikin ma'auni na ASTM A240/A240M don "Chromium da Chromium-Nickel Bakin Karfe Plate, Sheet, da Strip for Vessels Pressure and General Aikace-aikace."
Waɗannan maki huɗu suna cikin nau'in ƙarfe ɗaya ne. Ana iya rarraba su azaman austenitic bakin karfe dangane da tsarin su kuma azaman 300 jerin chromium-nickel bakin karfe dangane da abun da ke ciki. Bambance-bambancen farko a tsakanin su ya ta'allaka ne a cikin sinadarainsu, juriyar lalata, juriyar zafi, da filayen aikace-aikace.
Austenitic Bakin Karfe: Da farko ya ƙunshi tsari mai siffar cubic crystal (γ lokaci), maras maganadisu, kuma galibi an ƙarfafa shi ta hanyar aikin sanyi (wanda zai iya haifar da wasu maganadisu). (GB/T 20878)
Haɗin Sinadari da Kwatancen Ayyuka (Bisa kan Matsayin ASTM)
304 Bakin Karfe:
- Babban Abunda: Ya ƙunshi kusan 17.5-19.5% chromium da 8-10.5% nickel, tare da ƙaramin adadin carbon (a ƙasa 0.07%).
- Kayayyakin Injini: Yana nuna ƙarfin ƙarfi mai kyau (515 MPa) da haɓakawa (kusan 40% ko fiye).
304L Bakin Karfe:
- Babban Abunda: Mai kama da 304 amma tare da raguwar abun ciki na carbon (a ƙasa 0.03%).
- Kayayyakin Injini: Saboda ƙananan abun ciki na carbon, ƙarfin daɗaɗɗa yana da ƙananan ƙananan fiye da 304 (485 MPa), tare da tsayin daka. Ƙananan abun ciki na carbon yana haɓaka aikin walda.
304H Bakin Karfe:
- Babban Abunda: Abubuwan da ke cikin carbon yawanci jeri daga 0.04% zuwa 0.1%, tare da rage manganese (har zuwa 0.8%) da ƙarar silicon (har zuwa 1.0-2.0%). Chromium da abun cikin nickel sunyi kama da 304.
- Kayayyakin Injini: Ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa (515 MPa) da elongation suna daidai da 304. Yana da ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfi a yanayin zafi mai zafi, yana sa ya dace da yanayin zafi mai zafi.
316 Bakin Karfe:
- Babban Abunda: Ya ƙunshi 16-18% chromium, 10-14% nickel, da 2-3% molybdenum, tare da abun ciki na carbon da ke ƙasa 0.08%.
- Kayayyakin Injini: Ƙarfin ƙarfi (515 MPa) da haɓaka (fiye da 40%). Yana da mafi girman juriya na lalata.
Daga kwatancen da ke sama, a bayyane yake cewa maki huɗu suna da kamanceceniya ta injina. Bambance-bambancen sun ta'allaka ne a cikin abun da ke ciki, wanda ke haifar da bambance-bambance a cikin juriya na lalata da juriya na zafi.
Juriya Lalacewar Karfe Bakin Karfe da Kwatancen Juriya na Zafi
Juriya na Lalata:
- 316 Bakin Karfe: Saboda kasancewar molybdenum, yana da mafi kyawun juriya na lalata fiye da jerin 304, musamman a kan lalata chloride.
- 304L Bakin Karfe: Tare da ƙananan abun ciki na carbon, yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata, dace da yanayin lalata. Juriyar lalata ta ɗan ƙasa da 316 amma ya fi tasiri.
Juriya mai zafi:
- 316 Bakin KarfeBabban abun da ke ciki na chromium-nickel-molybdenum yana ba da mafi kyawun juriya na zafi fiye da bakin karfe 304, musamman tare da molybdenum yana haɓaka juriya na iskar shaka.
- 304H Bakin Karfe: Saboda yawan carbon, ƙananan manganese, da babban abun da ke ciki na silicon, yana kuma nuna kyakkyawan juriya na zafi a yanayin zafi.
Filayen Aikace-aikacen Bakin Karfe
304 Bakin Karfe: A kudin-tasiri da kuma m tushe sa, yadu amfani a yi, masana'antu, da kuma sarrafa abinci.
304L Bakin Karfe: The low-carbon version of 304, dace da sinadaran da kuma na ruwa injiniyoyi, tare da irin wannan sarrafa hanyoyin zuwa 304 amma mafi dace da yanayin da ake bukata mafi girma lalata juriya da kuma tsada hankali.
304H Bakin Karfe: An yi amfani da shi a cikin superheaters da reheaters na manyan tukunyar jirgi, bututun tururi, masu musayar zafi a cikin masana'antar petrochemical, da sauran aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar juriya mai kyau da yanayin zafi mai zafi.
316 Bakin Karfe: Wanda aka fi amfani da shi a cikin injinan pulp da takarda, masana'antu masu nauyi, sarrafa sinadarai da kayan ajiya, kayan aikin matatun, kayan aikin likitanci da na magunguna, mai da iskar gas na teku, yanayin ruwa, da manyan kayan dafa abinci.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-24-2024