* TE WHAKAPĀNUI
Ko te tikanga o te paipa whakarewa wera-tuku kia tauhohe te konganuku rewa ki te rino hei hanga i tētahi paparanga koranu, kia honoa ai te koranu me te paninga. Mā te whakarewa wera-tuku ka horoia tuatahitia te paipa maitai ki te waikawa hei tango i te waikura rino i runga i te mata o te paipa maitai. I muri i te horoinga waikawa, ka horoia ki roto i tētahi tāke me te wai konutea konutea, te wai konutea konutea rānei, te ranunga rānei o te konutea konutea me te wai konutea konutea, kātahi ka tukuna ki te kaukau whakarewa wera-tuku.
He pai ngā painga o te whakakākahu wera-tuku, arā, he paninga ōrite, he piri kaha, he ātete pai ki te waikura, ā, he roa te ora o te mahi. Ina koa i roto i ngā taiao uaua, pērā i te haumākū, te ua, te ua waikawa, te rehu tote me ētahi atu taiao, he nui ake te kitea o te mahi whakakākahu wera-tuku. Ka pāngia te papa maitai me te otinga whakakikorua rewa e ngā tauhohenga ā-tinana me te matū matatini hei hanga i tētahi paparanga konutea-rino ātete-waikura me te hanganga piri. Ka honoa te paparanga konutea, te paparanga konutea parakore, me te papa maitai. Nō reira, he kaha te ātete ki te waikura.
1. Te ōritetanga o te paninga: Kaua te tauira paipa maitai e huri whero (tae parahi) i muri i te rumakina ki roto i te wairewa parahi whanariki mō ngā wā e rima karapīpiti.
2. Te kounga o te mata: Me whai paparanga konutea katoa te mata o te paipa maitai kua whakakikoruatia, ā, kaua he ira pango me he mirumiru kāore i pania. Me whai mata paku taratara, me ngā pona konutea ā-rohe.
| He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te konukōre wera me te konukōre mua? | |||||||
| Paipa Rino Pirau Hot Dip | Paipa Rino Pirau i mua | ||||||
| Matotoru o te Paipa Rino | 1.0mm me runga ake | 0.8mm ki te 2.2mm | |||||
| Paninga Konutea | te toharite 200g/m2 ki te 500g/m2 (30um ki te 70um) | toharite 30g/m2 ki te 100g/m2 (5 ki te 15 maikorona) | |||||
| Painga | paninga ōrite, piri kaha, hiri pai, me te roa o te ora | he mata maeneene, he tae kanapa, he paninga angiangi | |||||
| Whakamahinga | e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te kawe wai pēhanga-iti mō te wai, te parakaingaki, te hau, te hau, te mamaoa whakamahana, te hanganga ā-tāone, te hinu matū, te hanga kaipuke me ētahi atu mara. | te hangarau hanganga, te hanga taonga me ētahi atu mara. | |||||
* TE PEITA
Ko te tikanga o te paipa rino peita he paninga tae rerekē ki runga i te mata o te paipa rino hei whakapai ake i te ātete ki te waikura me te ataahua o te paipa. Ko ngā paipa rino peita ko ngā paipa rino pania me ngā paipa rino peita.
Ko ngā paipa rino pania ki te waikura ka horoia tuatahitia ki te waikawa, ka pania ki te konukōre me te phosphate, kātahi ka pania ki te hikohiko. Ko ngā painga o tēnei tikanga ko te piri kaha o te paninga, kāore e ngāwari te tihore, he pai te mahi tiaki, he kanapa, he ataahua ngā tae; ko te ngoikoretanga he nui te utu, ā, me whai taputapu paninga motuhake me ngā kaimahi tino pūkenga hei whakahaere.
Ko te paipa rino peita he mea pani tika ki ngā paninga tae rerekē ki runga i te mata o te paipa rino, kāore he horoi waikawa, he mea whakapūkara, he mea whakapūkara rānei, hei whakapai ake i te ātete ki te waikura me te ataahua o te paipa. Ko ngā painga o tēnei tikanga he iti te utu me te ngāwari me te watea o te tukatuka; ko ngā ngoikoretanga he ngoikore te piri, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i te ātete ki te waikura mō te wā roa, me te tae hoha.
I te wā e whakamahia ana ngā paipa rino peita, me whiriwhiri te momo peita, te tae me te matotoru e tika ana kia rite ki ngā tikanga whakamahinga me ngā whakaritenga. I te wā anō, me whakarite kia maroke, kia ma, kia maeneene hoki te mata o te paipa rino kia mau ai te pānga piri o te paninga me te roa o te mahi.
Paipa rino pania-rehu
Paipa maitai peita
* 3PE FBE
Ko te 3PE (3-Layer Polyethylene) me te FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy) he momo paninga e rua e whakamahia ana ki ngā paipa i roto i te umanga hinu me te hau hei whakaroa, hei ārai rānei i te waikura.
He paninga paparanga-toru te 3PE, he paninga epoxy, he piripiri copolymer, me te paninga polyethylene. Ka whakaratohia e te paninga epoxy he mata pai mō te piripiri copolymer, ā, ka whakaratohia hoki he mata pai mō te paninga polyethylene. Ka mahi tahi ngā paparanga e toru hei tiaki i te paipa mai i te waikura, te pakū, me te kino o te pānga.
Ko te FBE, i tētahi atu ringa, he pūnaha paninga paparua e rua, he turanga kapia epoxy kua whakakiia ki te matūriki me te paninga o runga he polyamide. He pai te piri o te epoxy kua whakakiia ki te matūriki ki ngā mata whakarewa, ko te paninga o runga he ātete matū me te ātete ki te pakū. He maha ngā whakamahinga e whakamahia ana ngā paninga FBE, mai i ngā paipa hinu me te hau ki ngā pūnaha wai me te wai para.
He whai hua ngā paninga 3PE me FBE ki te tiaki i ngā paipa me ngā paipa mai i te waikura, i runga i ngā whakaritenga tono motuhake. Ko te kōwhiringa i waenga i ngā mea e rua ka peia e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te momo paipa, ngā āhuatanga whakahaere, me te utu.
| 3PE VS FBE | |||||||
| Kaha Piri | He kaha ake te piri o te paninga 3PE i te FBE, nā te mea ka āwhina te piripiri copolymer i roto i te 3PE ki te piri pai ake i waenga i ngā paparanga paninga epoxy me ngā paparanga paninga polyethylene. | ||||||
| Pānga me te Āwhata | He pai ake te ātete o te paninga polyethylene 3PE ki te pānga me te karawarawa ki te whakataurite ki te FBE. | ||||||
| Whakamahinga | He pai ake ngā paninga FBE mō ngā paipa e teitei ana te pāmahana mahi nā te mea ka taea e rātou te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei ake i ngā paninga 3PE. I tētahi atu taha, he pai ake ngā paninga 3PE mō ngā tono e pāngia ana te paipa e te oneone me te wai, nā te mea he pai ake te tiaki i te waikura me te waikura. | ||||||
*Te hinuhinu
Ko te paninga hinu ki te mata o waho o te paipa maitai he tikanga hei tiaki i te paipa maitai mai i te waikura. Ka taea e te paninga hinu te whakaroa i te pa o te paipa maitai ki te taiao o waho, ā, ka ārai i te pānga o te waikura, te waikura, te kakahu, me ētahi atu mea anō hoki ki te paipa maitai.
*He tānga, he tānga rānei
Tānga
Tātuhi
*Te patu
Whakahaerehia te mīhini wero mīhini hei pēhi i te wero mā te whakamahi i te mate wero. Kia mau tonu te pēhanga kia uru rā anō te wero ki te pakitara o te paipa rino, kia puta ai he kōhao ma, tika hoki.
He whānuitia ngā whakamahinga o te tukanga keri paipa maitai, tae atu ki ēnei engari kāore e herea ki:
1. Te hononga o ngā paipa rino: Ko te keri tetahi o ngā tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te hono i ngā paipa rino. Mā te tukanga keri paipa rino, ka taea te whakatuwhera i ngā kōhao ki te paipa rino, kia taea ai te tāuta i ngā pūtu me ngā nati ki ngā hononga me ngā flanges, kia tutuki ai te kaupapa o te hononga.
2. Te whakapiri i ngā paipa rino: He mea noa anō hoki te whakapiri i ngā paipa rino ki ngā pakitara, ki ētahi atu mata rānei mā te tukanga keri paipa rino.
Te whakamahi i roto i te hanganga rino bracke paewhiri solar
Te whakamahinga i roto i ngā rauemi huarahi
*Te miro
Ko te NPT (National Pipe Thread) me te BSPT (British Standard Pipe Thread) he paerewa miro paipa e rua e whakamahia whānuitia ana.
He mea noa te whakamahi i ngā miro NPT i Amerika Te Raki, ā, he mea noa ake te whakamahi i ngā miro BSPT i Ūropi me Āhia.
He miro whakarara ngā paerewa e rua, ā, ka piri pai te hononga ina piri tahi. He whānuitia te whakamahinga mō te hononga paipa wai, hau, hinu me ētahi atu.
2. Te whakapiri i ngā paipa rino: He mea noa anō hoki te whakapiri i ngā paipa rino ki ngā pakitara, ki ētahi atu mata rānei mā te tukanga keri paipa rino.
*Kua whakakōhaotia
He tikanga rongonui te hononga Roll Groove mō te hono i ngā paipa tiaki ahi nā te mea he maha ngā painga. Anei ētahi o ngā painga matua:
1. Tāutanga watea, tere hoki: Mā te hononga Roll Groove ka taea te tāuta tere me te ngāwari o ngā paipa me ngā hononga, nā te mea kāore he take mō te whakarewa, te miro rānei.
2. Te tiaki i te taiao me te ōhanga: He iti ake te utu o tēnei tikanga hononga i ētahi atu tikanga, ā, he mea rongonui mō ngā mahi maha. He pai hoki mō te taiao nā te mea ka whakaitihia te para, ā, he iti ake ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana.
3. Ka tiakina ngā āhuatanga taketake o ngā paipa: Kāore te hononga Roll Groove e pā ki ngā āhuatanga taketake o ngā paipa, pērā i tōna kaha, tōna roa, me tōna ātete ki te waikura.
4. He watea te tiaki: Mena e hiahiatia ana he tiaki me te whakatikatika, mā te hononga Roll Groove ka māmā ake te wetewete me te whakakapi i ngā wāhanga, me te kore e hiahiatia he taputapu motuhake.
| DN | Diameter o Waho | Whānui o te Mata Hiri ±0.76 | Whānuitanga o te awaawa ±0.76 | Te Diameter o te Raro o te Awaawa | |
| mm | Manawanui | ||||
| 50 | 60.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 57.15 | -0.38 |
| 65 | 73 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 69.09 | -0.46 |
| 65 | 76.1 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 72.26 | -0.46 |
| 80 | 88.9 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 84.94 | -0.46 |
| 100 | 114.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 110.08 | -0.51 |
| 125 | 141.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 137.63 | -0.56 |
| 150 | 165.1 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 160.78 | -0.56 |
| 150 | 168.3 | 15.88 | 8.74 | 163.96 | -0.56 |
| 200 | 219.1 | 19.05 | 11.91 | 214.4 | -0.64 |
*Whakapikohia
He whānui ake i te NPS 11⁄2 [DN 40] he pito papatahi kua pikohia, ā, he pito kua pikohia ki te koki o te 30°, +5°, -0°
*Ngā Pito Noa
He mea noa te tapahi i ngā pito e rua o te paipa rino kia rite ki ngā papa i te 90◦ ki te tuaka i roto i te maha o ngā ahumahi e whakamahia ana ngā paipa. He mea noa tēnei hei whakarite i te paipa mō te whakarewa, mō ētahi atu momo hononga rānei, kia tika ai te tū o ngā pito ki te tuaka o te paipa.
*He mea whakarara
Ko te paipa rino whai parirau he momo paipa he parirau e piri ana ki tētahi pito, ki ngā pito e rua rānei. Ko ngā parirau he kōpae porowhita me ngā kōhao me ngā pūtu e whakamahia ana hei hono i ngā paipa, i ngā takirere, i ētahi atu taputapu rānei. Ko te paipa rino whai parirau he mea hanga mā te whakarewa i te parirau ki te pito o te paipa rino.
He mea noa te whakamahi i ngā paipa rino whai parirau i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i te tuku wai, te hinu me te hau, me te tukatuka matū. He pai ake ēnei i ētahi atu momo paipa nā te mea he ngāwari te tāuta me te tino pakari. Ka taea e ngā paipa whai parirau te tu atu ki te pēhanga teitei, ā, ka taea te wetewete ngāwari mō te tiaki, te whakatika rānei.
He rerekē ngā āhua me ngā rahi o ngā pā o te paipa rino pā hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga hononga. Ko ngā momo noa ko ngā pā paheke-ake, ngā pā kaki whakarewa, ngā pā miro, me ngā pā whakarewa kōtui.
Hei whakarāpopototanga, he mea rongonui ngā paipa maitai kua whakakikoruatia ki te maha o ngā ahumahi nā te mea he hononga pono, he hononga pakari hoki i waenga i ngā paipa me ngā taputapu.
*Te Roa o te Tapahi
E mōhiotia ana te hangarau tapahi wai mō tōna tika me te pūmau, tae atu ki tōna kaha ki te whakaputa i ngā taha maeneene, kāore he kohao.
Ko tētahi o ngā painga nui o te hangarau tapahi wai he tikanga tapahi matao, arā, kāore he rohe e pāngia ana e te wera (HAZ) i te taha o te tapahi.
He pai hoki te tapahi i te wai-pūwero ki te taiao, nā te mea kāore e puta he para kino, he tukunga rānei. Ko te wai me te mea whakakoi anake e whakamahia ana e te pūnaha, ā, he ngāwari te kohikohi me te maka atu i ngā para me te haumaru.
*Te Tākai me te Tukunga
Tākai Kirihou PVC
Hei tiaki i ngā paipa rino i te wā e kawe ana, e penapena ana hoki, he maha ngā wā ka tākaihia ki te takai kirihou PVC hei whakarato i tētahi paparanga tiaki e ārai ana i ngā karawarawa, ngā pokapoka, me ētahi atu momo kino.
Haunga te tiaki i ngā paipa rino, ka āwhina hoki te takai kirihou PVC ki te pupuri i a rātou kia ma, kia maroke hoki. He mea nui rawa tēnei mō ngā paipa ka whakamahia i roto i ngā mahi e tino hira ana te ma, pērā i ngā pūnaha tuku wai, i ngā whare tukatuka kai rānei.
*He mea tākai katoa ki te pvc;
*Ko ngā pito paipa anake he mea takai ki te pvc;
*Ko te tinana paipa PVC anake te mea i tākaihia.
Te Tākai Rākau
Hei tiaki i ngā taputapu rino i te wā e kawe ana, e whakahaere ana hoki, ka taea e ngā kiritaki te whiriwhiri i ngā pouaka rakau ritenga, ā, ka taea hoki te whakarite ki ngā tapanga a te kiritaki kia māmā ai te tautuhi.
Ko te painga o te whakamahi i ngā pouaka rakau ritenga me ngā tautoko pito, he mea tiaki anō hoki, ā, he whakaiti i te mōrearea o te kino ki ngā hua rino. Ka āwhina anō hoki i te ngāwari o te whakahaere me te kawe, nā te mea ka taea te whakarārangi me te whakau i ngā pouaka ki runga i ngā papa hei kawe mā te whenua, te moana, te rangi rānei.
Tukunga
Ko te nuinga o ngā hua rino ka haria mā te moana, mā te whenua, mā te rangi rānei, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā uta e wehe atu ana i ngā tauranga o Tianjin.
Mō te kawe waka moana, e rua ngā tikanga matua: te tuku i runga i ngā ipu, te tuku papatipu rānei.
Ko te kawe whenua he mea whakamahi i te tereina, i te taraka rānei, i runga i te wāhi e haere ana me te kamupene kawe e whakamahia ana.
*Tautoko
Ngā ratonga i mua i te hoko:
1. Tauira kore utu: Roa 20cm tauira paipa maitai kore utu me ngā utu tuku ka utua e te kiritaki.
2. Ngā taunakitanga hua: te whakamahi i tō mātou mōhiotanga ngaio ki ngā hua hei taunaki atu ki ngā kiritaki.
Ngā ratonga hokohoko waenga:
1. Te aroturuki i ngā ota: ka whakamōhiotia e mātou ngā kaihoko mō te āhua o te hanga me te tuku o ā rātou ota mā te īmēra, mā te waea rānei, kia mārama ai rātou ki te ahunga whakamua o ā rātou ota.
2. Te whakarato whakaahua tirotiro me te tuku: ka whakaratohia e mātou he whakaahua hua i mua i te tukunga hei whakaū mā ngā kaihoko mēnā ka tutuki i a rātou ngā whakaritenga. I taua wā anō, ka whakahaerehia hoki e mātou he tirotiro tino pakari me te whakahaere kounga i mua i te tukunga kia tino tutuki ai i a rātou ā mātou paerewa kounga teitei.
Ratonga muri-hoko:
1. Te whai i ngā urupare a te kiritaki i muri i te whiwhinga o ngā taonga: e whakanuia ana e mātou ngā urupare a te kiritaki, ā, ka whai ake mātou kia mārama ai mātou ki tā rātou whakamahinga me ngā urupare mō ā mātou hua, kia pai ake ai te kounga me ngā ratonga.
2. Ngā au o te utu me ngā mōhiohio ahumahi: e mārama ana mātou ka pāngia pea ngā kiritaki e ngā huringa mākete me ngā au o te ahumahi, nō reira ka whakaratohia e mātou he mōhiohio mō ngā āhuatanga o te mākete me te ahumahi hei āwhina i ngā kiritaki ki te mārama ki ngā huringa o te mākete me te ahumahi i te wā tika, kia taea ai e rātou te whakatau whai whakaaro me te whakatau pai ake.