304/304L chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chitoliro ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri popanga zopangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. 304/304L chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha chromium-nickel chokhala ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri, komwe kuli koyenera kwambiri popanga zopangira zitoliro.
Chitsulo cha 304 chosapanga dzimbiri chimakhala ndi kukana kwa okosijeni wabwino komanso kukana dzimbiri, ndipo chimatha kukhalabe okhazikika komanso kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake m'malo osiyanasiyana am'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, ilinso ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri komanso olimba, omwe ndi abwino kuzizira komanso kutentha, ndipo amatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zopanga zida zosiyanasiyana.
Zopangira zitoliro zosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka zopangira mapaipi opanda msoko, zimakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pazakuthupi ndipo zimafunikira kusindikiza bwino komanso kukana kupanikizika. Chitoliro chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zosiyanasiyana zamapaipi chifukwa champhamvu zake, kukana dzimbiri komanso kusalala kwamkati, monga zigongono, ma tee, ma flanges, mitu yayikulu ndi yaying'ono, ndi zina zambiri.
Mwachidule,304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chitoliroimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga zopangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, zimapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri komanso odalirika, ndipo zimapereka chitsimikizo chofunikira pakugwira ntchito kotetezeka komanso kukhazikika kwa zida zapaipi.
Choncho, asanachoke ku fakitale pakupanga zinthu zopangira, ayenera kuyesedwa mobwerezabwereza ndipo ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zopangira zitoliro. Nawa njira zowunika magwiridwe antchito a 304/304Lchitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chitoliro.
01.Kuyesa kwa dzimbiri
Chitoliro chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 chikuyenera kuyesedwa kukana kutukula molingana ndi zomwe zaperekedwa kapena njira ya dzimbiri yomwe mbali zonse ziwiri zagwirizana.
Intergranular corrosion test: Cholinga cha mayesowa ndikuzindikira ngati chinthucho chimakhala ndi chizolowezi chochita dzimbiri. Intergranular corrosion ndi mtundu wa dzimbiri zomwe zimapanga ming'alu pamalire a zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisawonongeke.
Stress corrosion test:Cholinga cha mayesowa ndikuyesa kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zinthu zomwe zili m'malo opsinjika komanso ochita dzimbiri. Stress corrosion ndi njira yowopsa kwambiri ya dzimbiri yomwe imapangitsa kuti ming'alu ipangike m'malo azinthu zomwe zatsindikitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zisweke.
Pitting Test:Cholinga cha mayesowa ndikuyesa kuthekera kwa chinthu kukana kuponyedwa m'malo okhala ndi ayoni a chloride. Pitting corrosion ndi mtundu wa dzimbiri wokhazikika womwe umapanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba pa zinthuzo ndikumakula pang'onopang'ono kupanga ming'alu.
Mayeso a corrosion:Cholinga cha mayesowa ndikuyesa kukana kwazinthu zonse m'malo owononga. Kuwonongeka kwamtundu umodzi kumatanthauza mapangidwe a yunifolomu a zigawo za oxide kapena zinthu zowonongeka pamwamba pa zinthuzo.
Pochita mayeso a dzimbiri, ndikofunikira kusankha mikhalidwe yoyenera yoyeserera, monga sing'anga ya dzimbiri, kutentha, kuthamanga, nthawi yowonekera, ndi zina. Pambuyo pa mayesowo, ndikofunikira kuweruza kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa zinthuzo poyang'ana zowonera, kuyeza kuwonda. , kusanthula metallographic ndi njira zina pa chitsanzo.
02.Kuwunika kwa ntchito ya ndondomeko
Kuyesa kwa Flattening: kumazindikira kuthekera kwachubu komwe kumayendera.
Kuyesa kwamphamvu: Kumayesa kulimba komanso kutalika kwa chinthu.
Kuyesa kwamphamvu: Unikani kulimba komanso kulimba kwa zida.
Kuyesa kwamoto: yesani kukana kwa chubu kuti musinthe pakukulitsa.
Kuyesa kuuma: kuyeza kuuma kwa chinthu.
Mayeso a Metallographic: onani mawonekedwe a microstructure ndi kusintha kwa gawo lazinthuzo.
Mayeso opindika: Yang'anani kupindika ndi kulephera kwa chubu panthawi yopindika.
Kuyesa kosawononga: kuphatikiza mayeso apano a eddy, kuyesa kwa X-ray ndi kuyesa kwa akupanga kuti azindikire zolakwika ndi zolakwika mkati mwa chubu.
03.Kusanthula kwamankhwala
Kusanthula kwamankhwala kwazinthu zopangidwa ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 zitha kuchitidwa ndi kusanthula kowonekera, kusanthula kwamankhwala, kusanthula kwamphamvu kwamphamvu ndi njira zina.
Pakati pawo, mtundu ndi zomwe zili muzinthuzo zimatha kutsimikiziridwa poyesa kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo. Ndikothekanso kudziwa mtundu ndi zomwe zili muzinthuzo posungunula zinthuzo, redox, ndi zina zambiri, kenako ndi kusanthula kwa titration kapena zida. Mphamvu yowonera mphamvu ndi njira yachangu komanso yosavuta yodziwira mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili muzinthu pozisangalatsa ndi mtengo wa elekitironi ndikuzindikira ma X-ray kapena mawonekedwe ake.
Kwa chitoliro chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304, mawonekedwe ake opangira mankhwala ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira, monga Chinese standard GB/T 14976-2012 "stainless seamless steel pipe for fluid transportation", yomwe imatchula zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala a 304 stainless steel pipe. monga carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorous, sulfure, chromium, faifi tambala, molybdenum, nayitrogeni. ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pochita kusanthula kwamankhwala, miyezo kapena ma code awa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko owonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kazinthuzo kakukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Chitsulo (Fe): Mphepete mwa nyanja
Mpweya (C): ≤ 0.08% (304L carbon content≤ 0.03%)
Silicon (Si): ≤ 1.00%
Manganese (Mn): ≤ 2.00%
Phosphorous (P): ≤ 0.045%
Sulfure (S): ≤ 0.030%
Chromium (Cr): 18.00% - 20.00%
Nickel (Ni): 8.00% - 10.50%
Miyezo imeneyi ili mkati mwa milingo yomwe imafunidwa ndi milingo wamba, ndipo mitundu ina yamankhwala imatha kusanjidwa molingana ndi miyezo yosiyana (monga ASTM, GB, etc.) komanso zofunikira za wopanga.
04.Barometric ndi hydrostatic test
Mayeso a kuthamanga kwa madzi ndi kuyesa kwa mpweya wa 304chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chitoliroamagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa kukana kuthamanga ndi kulimba kwa mpweya wa chitoliro.
Kuyeza kwa Hydrostatic:
Konzani chitsanzo: Sankhani chitsanzo choyenera kuti muwonetsetse kuti utali ndi m'mimba mwake wa chitsanzocho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyezetsa.
Lumikizani chitsanzo: Lumikizani chitsanzocho ku makina oyesera a hydrostatic kuti muwonetsetse kuti cholumikiziracho chasindikizidwa bwino.
Yambitsani mayeso: Lowetsani madzi pamphamvu yomwe mwasankha ndikuisunga kwa nthawi yodziwika. Nthawi zonse, kuthamanga kwa mayeso ndi 2.45Mpa, ndipo nthawi yogwira sichitha kukhala masekondi asanu.
Yang'anani ngati pali kudontha: Yang'anani chitsanzo cha kutayikira kapena zolakwika zina panthawi ya mayeso.
Lembani zotsatira: Lembani kukakamizidwa ndi zotsatira za mayeso, ndi kusanthula zotsatira.
Mayeso a Barometric:
Konzani chitsanzo: Sankhani chitsanzo choyenera kuti muwonetsetse kuti utali ndi m'mimba mwake wa chitsanzocho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyezetsa.
Lumikizani chitsanzocho: Lumikizani chitsanzocho ku makina oyesa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuti muwonetsetse kuti gawo lolumikizana ndi losindikizidwa bwino.
Yambitsani mayeso: Lowetsani mpweya pamphamvu yomwe mwasankha ndikuisunga kwa nthawi yodziwika. Nthawi zambiri, kuthamanga kwa mayeso ndi 0.5Mpa, ndipo nthawi yogwira imatha kusinthidwa ngati pakufunika.
Yang'anani ngati pali kudontha: Yang'anani chitsanzo cha kutayikira kapena zolakwika zina panthawi ya mayeso.
Lembani zotsatira: Lembani kukakamizidwa ndi zotsatira za mayeso, ndi kusanthula zotsatira.
Zindikirani kuti mayesowo amayenera kuchitidwa pamalo abwino komanso mikhalidwe, monga kutentha, chinyezi ndi magawo ena ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyezetsa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunika kumvetsera chitetezo pamene mukuyesa kuyesa kupewa zochitika zosayembekezereka panthawi ya mayesero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-26-2023