304 / 304L umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingese ni kimwe mu bikoresho fatizo byingenzi mu gukora ibyuma bidafite ibyuma. 304 / 304L ibyuma bidafite ingese nicyuma gisanzwe cya chromium-nikel alloy ibyuma bitagira ibyuma kandi birwanya ruswa kandi birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, bikwiranye cyane no gukora ibyuma bifata imiyoboro.
304 ibyuma bidafite ingese bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya okiside no kurwanya ruswa, kandi birashobora kugumana ituze nimbaraga zimiterere yabyo mubidukikije bitandukanye bya shimi. Mubyongeyeho, ifite kandi imikorere myiza yo gutunganya no gukomera, byorohereza akazi gakonje kandi gashyushye, kandi gashobora kuzuza ibisabwa mubikorwa byo gukora imiyoboro itandukanye.
Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma, cyane cyane ibyuma bidafite imiyoboro, bifite ibyangombwa byinshi kubikoresho kandi bigomba kuba bifunze neza kandi birwanya umuvuduko. 304 umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingese ukoreshwa kenshi mugukora ibyuma bitandukanye bitewe nimbaraga zayo nyinshi, kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubuso bwimbere bwimbere, nkinkokora, tees, flanges, imitwe minini nini nto, nibindi.
Muri make,304 umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingeseigira uruhare runini mugukora ibyuma bidafite ibyuma bidafite ingese, bitanga imikorere myiza nubuziranenge bwizewe, kandi bitanga garanti yingenzi kubikorwa byumutekano no kuramba byimiyoboro.
Kubwibyo, mbere yo kuva mu ruganda mugikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho fatizo, bigomba gukorerwa ibizamini inshuro nyinshi kandi bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango habeho ibikoresho byo mu miyoboro. Hano hari uburyo bwo kugenzura imikorere ya 304 / 304Lumuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingese.
01. Ikizamini cya ruswa
304 Umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingese ugomba gukorerwa ikizamini cyo kurwanya ruswa ukurikije ibisanzwe cyangwa uburyo bwo kwangirika byemeranijweho n'impande zombi.
Ikizamini cyo kwangirika hagati: Intego yiki kizamini ni ukumenya niba ikintu gifite impengamiro yo kwangirika. Kwangirika hagati yubwoko nubwoko bwangirika butera kwangirika kumupaka wibinyampeke byibintu, amaherezo bikaviramo kunanirwa kwibintu.
Ikizamini cya ruswa:Intego yiki kizamini ni ukugerageza kwangirika kwangirika kwibikoresho mukibazo no kwangirika. Kwangirika kwa Stress ni uburyo bubi cyane bwo kwangirika butera gucikamo ibice byibintu byatsindagirijwe, bigatuma ibintu bimeneka.
Ikizamini cyo Gutanga:Intego yiki kizamini ni ukugerageza ubushobozi bwibikoresho byo kurwanya umwobo mubidukikije birimo ioni ya chloride. Gutobora ruswa ni uburyo bwaho bwo kwangirika butera umwobo muto hejuru yibintu kandi buhoro buhoro bugenda bwiyongera bugacika.
Ikizamini cya ruswa imwe:Intego yiki kizamini ni ukugerageza muri rusange kurwanya ruswa yibikoresho mubidukikije. Ruswa imwe isobanura uburyo bumwe bwo gukora ibice bya oxyde cyangwa ibicuruzwa byangirika hejuru yibintu.
Mugihe ukora ibizamini bya ruswa, birakenewe guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kwipimisha, nk'ikigereranyo cyo kwangirika, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, igihe cyo kwerekana, nibindi. Nyuma yikizamini, birakenewe ko harebwa uburyo bwo kurwanya ruswa yibikoresho ukoresheje igenzura, gupima ibiro. , gusesengura ibyuma nubundi buryo kuri sample.
02.Gusuzuma imikorere yimikorere
Ikizamini cya Flattening: cyerekana ubushobozi bwo guhindura imiyoboro mucyerekezo kiboneye.
Ikizamini cya Tensile: Gupima imbaraga zingana no kurambura ibintu.
Ikizamini cy'ingaruka: Suzuma ubukana n'ingaruka zo kurwanya ibikoresho.
Ikizamini cyo gutwika: gerageza kurwanya imiyoboro ihindagurika mugihe cyo kwaguka.
Ikizamini gikomeye: Gupima agaciro k'ibikoresho.
Ikizamini cya Metallographic: reba microstructure hamwe ninzibacyuho yibikoresho.
Ikizamini cyo kunama: Suzuma ihindagurika no kunanirwa kw'igituba mugihe cyo kunama.
Ikizamini kidasenya: harimo ikizamini cya eddy, ikizamini cya X-ray na ultrasonic test kugirango umenye inenge nudusembwa biri imbere.
03. Isesengura ryimiti
Isesengura ryimiti yibikoresho bigize imiti ya 304 idafite umuyonga wicyuma irashobora gukorwa nisesengura ryikurikiranwa, isesengura ryimiti, isesengura ryingufu nubundi buryo.
Muri byo, ubwoko n'ibirimo bigize ibintu birashobora kugenwa no gupima ibintu. Birashoboka kandi kumenya ubwoko nibirimo mubintu ushizemo imiti, redox, nibindi, hanyuma ukoresheje titre cyangwa isesengura ryibikoresho. Ingufu za spekitroscopi nuburyo bwihuse kandi bworoshye bwo kumenya ubwoko nubunini bwibintu mubikoresho ubishimisha urumuri rwa electron hanyuma ukamenya X-imirasire cyangwa imirasire iranga.
Ku miyoboro 304 idafite ibyuma bidafite ingese, ibigize imiti bigomba kuba byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa, nk’Ubushinwa busanzwe bwa GB / T 14976-2012 "umuyoboro w’icyuma utagira umuyonga wo gutwara amazi", uteganya ibipimo ngenderwaho bitandukanye bigize imiti 304 idafite umuyonga w’icyuma. , nka karubone, silikoni, manganese, fosifore, sulfure, chromium, nikel, molybdenum, azote nibindi bintu birimo. Mugihe ukora isesengura ryimiti, ibipimo cyangwa code bigomba gukoreshwa nkibanze kugirango harebwe niba imiti yibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa.
Icyuma (Fe): Margin
Carbone (C): ≤ 0.08% (304L ibirimo karubone ≤ 0.03%)
Silicon (Si): ≤ 1.00%
Manganese (Mn): ≤ 2.00%
Fosifore （P ）： ≤ 0.045%
Amazi ya sufuru （S ）： ≤ 0.030%
Chromium (Cr): 18.00% - 20.00%
Nickel (Ni): 8.00% - 10.50%
Indangagaciro ziri murwego rusabwa nuburinganire rusange, kandi imiti yihariye irashobora guhuzwa neza ukurikije ibipimo bitandukanye (urugero ASTM, GB, nibindi) kimwe nibisabwa nibicuruzwa byakozwe.
04. Ikizamini cya barometric na hydrostatike
Ikizamini cyumuvuduko wamazi nikizamini cyumuyaga wa 304umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite ingesezikoreshwa mugupima imbaraga zumuvuduko no gukomera kwumuyaga.
Ikizamini cya Hydrostatike:
Tegura icyitegererezo: Hitamo icyitegererezo gikwiye kugirango umenye neza ko uburebure na diameter by'icyitegererezo byujuje ibisabwa.
Huza icyitegererezo: Huza icyitegererezo na mashini yo gupima hydrostatike kugirango umenye neza ko ihuza rifunze neza.
Tangira ikizamini: Shiramo amazi kumuvuduko wihariye murugero hanyuma uyifate mugihe cyagenwe. Mubihe bisanzwe, umuvuduko wikizamini ni 2.45Mpa, kandi igihe cyo gufata ntigishobora kuba munsi yamasegonda atanu.
Reba ibimeneka: Itegereze icyitegererezo cyo kumeneka cyangwa ibindi bidasanzwe mugihe cyizamini.
Andika ibisubizo: Andika igitutu n'ibisubizo by'ikizamini, hanyuma usesengure ibisubizo.
Ikizamini cya Barometric:
Tegura icyitegererezo: Hitamo icyitegererezo gikwiye kugirango umenye neza ko uburebure na diameter by'icyitegererezo byujuje ibisabwa.
Huza icyitegererezo: Huza icyitegererezo na mashini yipimisha ikirere kugirango umenye neza ko igice cyahujwe gifunze neza.
Tangira ikizamini: Shyira umwuka kumuvuduko wihariye mubigero hanyuma ubifate mugihe cyagenwe. Mubisanzwe, umuvuduko wikizamini ni 0.5Mpa, kandi igihe cyo gufata kirashobora guhinduka nkuko bikenewe.
Reba ibimeneka: Itegereze icyitegererezo cyo kumeneka cyangwa ibindi bidasanzwe mugihe cyizamini.
Andika ibisubizo: Andika igitutu n'ibisubizo by'ikizamini, hanyuma usesengure ibisubizo.
Twabibutsa ko ikizamini kigomba gukorwa mubidukikije bikwiye, nkubushyuhe, ubushuhe nibindi bipimo bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa. Mugihe kimwe, birakenewe kwitondera umutekano mugihe ukora ibizamini kugirango wirinde ibihe bitunguranye mugihe cyizamini.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-26-2023