304/304L ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo ingenye yezinto zokusetshenziswa ezibaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kokufakwa kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali. I-304/304L insimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi evamile ye-chromium-nickel alloy enokumelana nokugqwala okuhle nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, okulungele kakhulu ukwenziwa kokufakwa kwamapayipi.
I-304 insimbi engagqwali inokumelana okuhle kwe-oxidation nokumelana nokugqwala, futhi ingagcina ukuqina namandla esakhiwo sayo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphinde ibe nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokucubungula kanye nokuqina, okulungele ukusebenza okubandayo nokushisayo, futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zokufakelwa kwamapayipi ahlukene.
Ukufakwa kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali, ikakhulukazi ukufakwa kwamapayipi angenamthungo, kunezidingo eziphakeme zezinto zokwakha futhi kudinga ukuvaleka okuhle nokumelana nokucindezela. Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo engu-304 livame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kokufakwa kwamapayipi okuhlukahlukene ngenxa yamandla alo aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nendawo yangaphakathi ebushelelezi, njengezindololwane, ama-tee, ama-flange, amakhanda amakhulu namancane, njll.
Kafushane,304 ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungoidlala indima ebalulekile ekwenziweni kokufakwa kwamapayipi ensimbi engagqwali, ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi enokwethenjelwa, futhi anikeze isiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokusebenza okuphephile nokuqina kokufakwa kwamapayipi.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokushiya ifektri ohlelweni lokukhiqiza izinto zokusetshenziswa, kufanele ihlolwe ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza ukufakwa kwamapayipi. Nazi ezinye izindlela zokuhlola ukusebenza kwe-304/304Lipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo.
01.Ukuhlolwa kokugqwala
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo engu-304 kufanele lihlolwe ukumelana nokugqwala ngokuvumelana nezinhlinzeko ezijwayelekile noma indlela yokugqwala okuvunyelwene ngayo yizo zombili izinhlangothi.
I-Intergranular corrosion test: Injongo yalokhu kuhlola ukuthola ukuthi ingabe into ethile inokuthambekela kokugqwala kwe-intergranular. I-Intergranular corrosion iwuhlobo lokugqwala kwasendaweni oludala imifantu yokugqwala emingceleni yezinhlamvu zento, ekugcineni kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwempahla.
Ukuhlolwa kokugqwala kwengcindezi:Inhloso yalolu vivinyo ukuhlola ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto ekucindezelekeni nasezindaweni zokugqwala. I-stress corrosion iwuhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lokugqwala oludala imifantu ezindaweni zezinto ezicindezelweyo, okubangela ukuphuka kwempahla.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Pitting:Inhloso yalokhu kuhlola ukuhlola ikhono lezinto ezivimbela ukugoba endaweni equkethe ama-ion e-chloride. I-Pitting corrosion iwuhlobo lwendawo lokugqwala oludala izimbobo ezincane ebusweni bezinto futhi kancane kancane lunwebe ukuze lwenze imifantu.
Ukuhlolwa kokugqwala okufanayo:Inhloso yalokhu kuhlola ukuhlola ukumelana nokugqwala kukonke kwezinto endaweni egqwalayo. Ukugqwala okufanayo kusho ukwakheka okufanayo kwezingqimba ze-oxide noma imikhiqizo yokugqwala ebusweni bento.
Lapho wenza izivivinyo zokugqwala, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izimo ezifanele zokuhlola, njenge-corrosion medium, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, isikhathi sokuchayeka, njll. Ngemva kokuhlolwa, kuyadingeka ukwahlulela ukumelana nokugqwala kwempahla ngokuhlola okubonakalayo, ukukala ukuncipha kwesisindo. , ukuhlaziywa kwe-metallographic nezinye izindlela kusampula.
02.Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwenqubo
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Flattening: kuthola amandla okuguqulwa kweshubhu ekuqondeni okuyisicaba.
Ukuhlola i-Tensile: Kukala amandla aqinile kanye nobude bento.
Ukuhlolwa komthelela: Linganisa ukuqina nomthelela wokumelana nezinto.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Flaring: vivinya ukumelana kweshubhu ekuguqukeni ngesikhathi sokwanda.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqina: Kala ubulukhuni bento.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Metallographic: bheka i-microstructure kanye noshintsho lwesigaba sezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ukuhlolwa kokugoba: Linganisa ukuwohloka nokwehluleka kweshubhu ngesikhathi sokugoba.
Ukuhlola okungabhubhisi: okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-eddy, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic ukuze kutholwe amaphutha namaphutha ngaphakathi kweshubhu.
03.Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali
Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali we-304 wepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo kungenziwa ngokuhlaziywa kwe-spectral, ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali, ukuhlaziywa kwe-spectrum yamandla nezinye izindlela.
Phakathi kwazo, uhlobo nokuqukethwe kwezinto ezibonakalayo kunganqunywa ngokulinganisa i-spectrum yezinto. Kungenzeka futhi ukunquma uhlobo nokuqukethwe kwezinto ngokuncibilikisa okokusebenza ngamakhemikhali, i-redox, njll., bese kuba nge-titration noma ukuhlaziywa kwezinsimbi. I-spectroscopy yamandla iyindlela esheshayo nelula yokunquma uhlobo nenani lama-elementi ento ngokuyijabulisa nge-electron beam bese uthola i-X-ray ewumphumela noma imisebe yesici.
Ngepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo engu-304, ukwakheka kwalo kwamakhemikhali kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo ezijwayelekile, njengepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo laseShayina le-GB/T 14976-2012 "ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo lokuthutha uketshezi", elibeka izinkomba ezihlukahlukene zokwakheka kwamakhemikhali zepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo elingu-304. njenge-carbon, i-silicon, i-manganese, i-phosphorus, isulfure, i-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, i-nitrogen nezinye izici zokuqukethwe ububanzi. Lapho kwenziwa ukuhlaziya kwamakhemikhali, lawa mazinga noma amakhodi adinga ukusetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali okubalulekile kuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Insimbi (Fe): Imajini
Ikhabhoni (C): ≤ 0.08% (304L okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni≤ 0.03%)
I-Silicon(Si):≤ 1.00%
I-Manganese (Mn): ≤ 2.00%
I-Phosphorus (P):≤ 0.045%
Isibabule (S):≤ 0.030%
I-Chromium (Cr): 18.00% - 20.00%
I-Nickel(Ni):8.00% - 10.50%
Lawa manani angaphakathi kwebanga elidingwa izindinganiso ezivamile, futhi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali athile kungacushwa kahle ngokuvumelana namazinga ahlukene (isb. I-ASTM, i-GB, njll.) kanye nezidingo zomkhiqizo eziqondile zomakhi.
04.Ukuhlolwa kwe-Barometric ne-hydrostatic
Ukuhlolwa komfutho wamanzi nokuhlolwa komfutho womoya ongu-304ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungozisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukumelana nokucindezela kanye nokuqina komoya kwepayipi.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Hydrostatic:
Lungiselela isifanekiso: Khetha isifanekiso esifanele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ubude nobubanzi besampula buhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlola.
Xhuma isifanekiso: Xhuma isifanekiso emshinini wokuhlola we-hydrostatic ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uxhumano luvalwe kahle.
Qala ukuhlola: Jova amanzi ngomfutho othile esibonelweni bese uwabamba isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ingcindezi yokuhlola ingu-2.45Mpa, futhi isikhathi sokubamba asikwazi ukuba ngaphansi kwamasekhondi amahlanu.
Hlola ukuvuza: Bheka isifanekiso sokuvuza noma okunye okungavamile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Qopha imiphumela: Rekhoda ingcindezi nemiphumela yokuhlolwa, bese uhlaziya imiphumela.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Barometric:
Lungiselela isifanekiso: Khetha isifanekiso esifanele ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ubude nobubanzi besampula buhlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlola.
Xhuma isifanekiso: Xhuma isifanekiso emshinini wokuhlola umfutho womoya ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ingxenye yokuxhuma ivalwe kahle.
Qala ukuhlola: Jova umoya ngengcindezi ethile esibonelweni bese usibamba isikhathi esinqunyiwe. Ngokuvamile, ingcindezi yokuhlola ingu-0.5Mpa, futhi isikhathi sokubamba singalungiswa njengoba kudingeka.
Hlola ukuvuza: Bheka isifanekiso sokuvuza noma okunye okungavamile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Qopha imiphumela: Rekhoda ingcindezi nemiphumela yokuhlolwa, bese uhlaziya imiphumela.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlolwa kufanele kwenziwe endaweni efanele nezimo, ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama kanye neminye imingcele kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo zokuhlola. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukunaka ukuphepha lapho wenza izivivinyo ukuze ugweme izimo ezingalindelekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2023